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This example demonstrates how a sentence can be represented with non-sequential numerical indices for a language modeling task. In the sentence `The8 ball9 rolls10 away swiftly12 .`, each word is paired with a number that indicates its position in a permuted sequence, which is not necessarily the standard grammatical order.

Example of an Indexed Sentence with Non-Sequential Order

A language model receives the following input, where each word is paired with a number indicating its position in a shuffled sequence: `quick4 The1 brown2 fox5 jumps3`. Based on these numerical positions, what is the actual sequence of words the model processes?

A language model is processing a sentence in a permuted order, indicated by the numbers in parentheses: `jumps(3) over(8) The(1) lazy(5) dog(6) . (7) quick(2) brown(4)`. The model's task is to predict the word at position `4`. It is given the words at positions `1`, `2`, and `3` as context. Based on this information, what word is the model trying to predict, and why is this specific context sufficient for this task?

Analyzing a Permuted Prediction Task

A language model is given the following tokens from a sentence, where each word is paired with a number. This number indicates the order in which the model should process the token. Arrange the tokens below into the correct processing sequence, from the first to be processed to the last.

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