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Correlational studies have found that individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit a significant reduction in the volume of several parts of their hippocampus. It is important to note that this correlation does not definitively establish a causal relationship.

Reduced Hippocampal Volume in PTSD

The marked reduction in hippocampal volume observed in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may result from decreased levels of neurogenesis (the generation of new neurons) and dendritic branching (the generation of new dendrites in existing neurons).

Potential Mechanisms for Hippocampal Volume Reduction in PTSD

Although causal claims cannot be made from correlational research, studies demonstrate that individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit both behavioral improvements and increases in hippocampal volume following pharmacological or cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Therapy's Effect on Hippocampal Volume in PTSD

A series of studies reveals that individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to have a smaller hippocampal volume compared to individuals without the disorder. Based on this correlational finding alone, what is the most accurate conclusion one can draw?

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