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Taking information from long term memory and transferring it to working memory.

Retrieval

information is encoded with considerations to  the context it was presented in.

encoding specificity

Retrieval performance is better when the type of processing involved in encoding is incorporated at retrieval.

Transfer-appropriate processing

Studying by practice tests improves encoding into long term memory more than rereading passages (while there is no difference in short term understanding).
- using tests as learning events 
- question asking
- flashcards

Retrieval practice ( testing effect )

A student is taking a history exam. When she reads the question, 'What was the primary cause of the Peloponnesian War?', she pauses for a moment before the answer comes to her mind. What cognitive process does this successful act of remembering the information best illustrate?

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