TFP focuses on repairing patients' dysfunctional object-relations and helping them to integrate their fragmented identities to maintain the succinctness of their internal world despite the chaotic external world. 

New York University

1. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
2. Mentalization-based therapy (MBT)
3. Transference-focused therapy (TFP)
4. System training for emotional predictability and problem-solving (STEPPS)
5. Schema-focused therapy 
6. Standard cognitive therapy 
7. Good psychiatric management
8. Rogerian supportive therapy 

Evidence-based Treatments for BPD

- Psychoanalytic Therapy (Psychoanalysis)
- Brief Psychodynamic Therapy (BPT)
- Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)
- Object Relations Therapy (ORT)
- Relational Psychoanalysis (RP)
- Transference-Focused Psychotherapy (TFP)

Subtypes of Psychodynamic Therapy

Kernberg, O. F., Yeomans, F. E., Clarkin, J. F., & Levy, K. N. (2008). Transference focused psychotherapy: Overview and update. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 89(3), 601-620.

Transference focused psychotherapy: Overview and update (Kernberg et al., 2008)

Schema-focused therapy identifies five major modes BPD patients frequently exhibit when reacting to the external world; this therapy aims to foster the growth and strength of one mode named 'healthy adult' to exert over the rest of the four less constructive modes. 

Schema-focused Therapy for BPD

MBT aims to enhance patients' social cognition by fostering the ability to comprehend and interpret their own and others' mental states in a systematic and logical manner.

Mentalization-based Treatment (MBT) for BPD

The STEEPS program aims to enhance BPD patients' ability to regulate their emotions by teaching them emotion regulation skills and empowering significant others (e.g., family member, caregiver) to support BPD patients.

System training for emotional predictability and problem-solving (STEPPS) for BPD

DBT facilitates one to practice self-acceptance and initiate self-change through obtaining relevant skills and cultivating dialectical thinking. 

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)  for BPD

Interpersonal therapy is a short term form of treatment that helps individuals to understand interpersonal issues that are troublesome. This includes unresolved grief, conflicts with significant others, changes in social or work roles, and problems relating to others. This approach helps individuals to learn healthier ways to express emotions, how to improve communication, and how they relate to others. This approach is most often used to treat depression.

Interpersonal Therapy

Transference-focused therapy focuses on the patient's expression of their emotions towards the therapist.

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