Higher job autonomy is linked to lower levels of loneliness.

Tulane University

Employees decide themselves when and how to complete their tasks.

Job Autonomy

Sadness resulting from the lack of opportunity to socialize with colleagues, friends, or romantic partners.

Loneliness

Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2020). Achieving effective remote working during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A work design perspective. Applied Psychology, 70(1), 16–59. 	https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12290 

Achieving Effective Remote Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective

The effects of social support on loneliness will be more profound for more disciplined employees.

Social Support and Loneliness via Self-Discipline

- Emotional loneliness
- Social loneliness

Subtypes of Loneliness

References for Loneliness

- Unattractiveness
- Others' behaviors
- Social circumstances
- Psychological states
- Beliefs/Luck

Perceived Causes of Loneliness: 5 Clusters

1. Internal vs. external
2. Stable vs. unstable
3. Controllable vs. uncontrollable
4. Global vs. Specific 
5. Intentional vs. Unintentional

5 Dimensions of Perceived Loneliness Causes

Coping refers to the conscious, deliberate, and purposeful regulation of emotions, especially in situations perceived as threatening or stressful.

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